Cómo identificar síntomas de alerta

Warning symptoms: how to identify the signals that your body sends you

The body transmits signals that we often ignore. Recognising them in time and consulting an expert will be essential in order to prevent certain diseases.

BY Àngela Zorrilla | 06 October 2025

Recurring pain, blood in the urine, problems with your sight, difficulty in moving an arm… Although at times an anomaly can occur on its own and get better naturally, at other times it could be the first sign of a more complicated disease. But, how can we know when an urgent visit to the doctor is needed and when it isn’t?

 

The Importance of Medical Check-Ups

In the first place, we must remember that doctors do not only treat diseases, they also help to prevent them. Therefore, it is essential to carry out all the regular health check-ups, such as ophthalmologic, gynaecological check-ups, in addition to a general health check-up every 2-3 years. It is also vital to keep your vaccination schedule up to date and to get advice from experts and specialists regarding how to prevent some certain problems.

A large percentage of serious diseases can be handled more effectively if the risk factors are controlled and above all, if the early warning signs are detected. Accordingly, for example, the WHO warns that recognising some symptoms can help to prevent up to 80% of heart attacks and although it is not always possible, to slow down the advance of some lung diseases.

Letting clear warnings go by, thinking that the discomfort or the health problem will end up disappearing by itself, can be dangerous. On the other hand, paying attention to certain signs is the best way to prevent cardiovascular, neurological or autoimmune problems, amongst others.

 

Recommended annual medical tests

Realizar revisiones médicas de forma regular es importante para detectar posibles problemas de salud, identificar factores de riesgo y tener la certeza que se está cuidando del bienestar. Aunque estos chequeos varían según el historial y el propio paciente, es cierto que  hay algunas pruebas habituales:   

  • Gynaecological checkup. This includes breast examination, a smear test for early detection of cervical cancer and ultrasound scans.   
  • Cardiovascular checkup. It is recommended from the age of 45 years onwards and it includes tests such as an electrocardiogram or taking blood pressure.    
  • Ophthalmological checkup. It is important to check visual acuity and hearing annually to detect and/or prevent problems that should be treated.    
  • General checkup. It is important to do some blood and urine tests once a year to detect problems such as infections, diabetes or anaemia. Controlling weight and the correct functioning of the organs are also essential.     
  • Prostate checkup. For men, it is essential to carry out an analysis of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) every year particularly from 50 years onwards to detect any prostate problems.  

 

Health symptoms that need to be looked at

Listening to the body is one of the most effective steps when preventing serious health problems and maintaining your well-being. To do this, the best tool is knowing the main warning signs that can appear. These are some of the most common ones.

Symptoms of neurological problems

  • Difficulty or changes in speech or vision.
  • Dizziness or balance problems.
  • Persistent headaches.
  • Numbness in limbs.
  • Muscular weakness.
  • Memory loss. 
  • Blackouts.

Symptoms of respiratory problems

  • Shortness of breath.
  • Breathing difficulties.
  • Extreme tiredness.
  • Palpitations.
  • Inflammation of the tonsils.
  • Coughing.
  • Chest discomfort or pain.
  • Loss of voice.
  • Ear ache.
  • A high temperature.
  • Chest pain.

Symptoms of digestive problems

  • Abdominal pain.
  • Nausea and/or vomiting.
  • Heartburn.
  • Burping.
  • Early satiety or fullness.
  • Abdominal swelling.
  • Constipation or diarrhoea.
  • Weight loss or gain.
  • Bleeding with bowel movements.
  • Difficulty in swallowing food.

Symptoms of cardiovascular problems

  • Sight problems.
  • Persistent fatigue and weakness.
  • Chest pain or discomfort.
  • Breathing problems.
  • Palpitations.
  • Nausea or vomiting.
  • Swelling of the limbs.
     

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